As we all know from the geography course, the Russian Federation is the largest country in the world in area (17425.2 thousand km2, 85 entities). Many territorial units of our state, in turn, are larger than some world countries. What are the sizes of the largest regions in Russia - subjects of the Russian Federation by area - we will describe below.

10. Kamchatka Territory, S = 464,275 km²

Located in the north-east of the country, on the Kamchatka Peninsula (Far Eastern Federal District), it is washed by the waters of the Pacific Ocean, as well as the Okhotsk and Bering Seas. One of the most beautiful regions of Russia - there is also a valley of geysers with thermal and mineral springs, and active volcanoes (there are about 30 of them). All of the above, combined with the combination of the natural unspoilt beauty of the tundra and alpine meadows, makes this area popular among tourists.

The Kamchatka Peninsula is sparsely populated - only about 315 thousand people live on a large area - this is largely due to the unfavorable, unstable natural conditions. Perhaps that is why the ecological situation in Kamchatka is one of the most prosperous in the Russian Federation.

The Krai occupies a leading position among other regions of Russia in terms of the extraction of precious metals (gold and platinum), and is distinguished by the richest marine biological resources (industrial catching of commercial fish, seafood, and Kamchatka crabs has been established on the peninsula).

For comparison: the Kamchatka Territory is larger in area than England, Belgium, Portugal and Luxembourg.

9. Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Ugra, S = 534,800 km²

The region is located in the central part of the West Siberian Plain (part of the Ural Federal District); rich in water resources, taiga forests, large navigable rivers (Ob, Irtysh). In this region is the highest point of the Ural Range - Mount Narodnaya (1895 m). The territory, although vast, is sparsely populated (density 3.1 people per sq. Km). Indigenous people - Khanty and Mansi - make up only 2% of the total number of nationalities.

Oil and gas are produced in the okrug - Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug is the largest supplier of "black gold" in the Russian Federation, therefore the main specialization of industrial enterprises is servicing the oil and gas industry. A logging complex is also developed.

All this allowed the region to become one of the best in the country in terms of quality of life.

Due to the favorable economic situation, the population of Ugra is steadily increasing: 1,558 thousand people were recorded in 2012, 1,626.8 thousand people. - in 2016

8. Arkhangelsk region, S = 589 913 km²

The subject is located in the north-west of the country, part of the land belongs to the regions of the Far North. The region, which among other Russian entities leads in the total area of ​​the islands (104.4 thousand sq. Km), includes the Franz Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya Archipelagos. There is also the extreme northern point of Russia, Europe and the entire continent - Cape Fliegli. It is washed by the northern seas - the White, Barents and Kara. In its size exceeds the territory of France, Spain, Madagascar.

The region is fabulously rich in natural resources: the abundance of oil, gas, wood, diamonds, bauxite, gypsum, gold and other metals makes this region one of the key mineral deposits in Russia, and the wild beauty of the northern lands and thousands of lakes is one of the most beautiful.

A.O. - industrial region: the Plesetsk cosmodrome is located on the territory of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, as well as the enterprises of the military-industrial complex in Severodvinsk (nuclear boat production), pulp and wood production, shipbuilding and the fishing industry are developed. The population is 1,155,028 people (as of January 1, 2018).

7. Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, an area of ​​721 481 km²

The most sparsely populated subject (population density of only 0.07 people / km²), the number of residents - 49 348 people. (as of January 1, 2018).

Geographically located in the extreme north-east of the Russian Federation, on the shores of the Arctic Ocean and partially Pacific. The Autonomous Okrug is located on the Chukotka Peninsula, small islands and parts of the mainland, and belongs to the Far Eastern Federal District. The Bering Sea is the border with the United States.

Due to its difficult geographical location (half the Arctic Circle) it combines a subarctic, marine and continental climate. Winter lasts 10 months a year. The basis of vital activity of indigenous peoples (Chukchi - 25%, Eskimos - 3%) - reindeer herding, hunting and fishing.

Large deposits of gold, arsenic, silver, tin, and mercury were found in the bowels of the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug.

6. Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, S = 769,250 km²

The largest autonomous region of Russia in translation from the Nenets language is the Land of the Earth. Located in the northwest of the Asian part of Russia. It occupies one of the largest plains - the West Siberian. The capital of the district - Salekhard - is located on the Arctic Circle - half of the city is already in the Arctic. A significant part of the territory is the Yamal Peninsula.

Since ancient times, the district has been a supplier of fish, furs and venison. The main income of the region is now generated by the sale of extracted oil, gas, venison and fish. This region ranks 1st in terms of combustible gas reserves, and second in oil reserves, and is also rich in other minerals such as manganese, chromium, copper, pigs, cobalt, nickel, etc.

Residents total only 538 547 people (according to 2018), according to experts, the demographic situation in Russia as a whole is not bad due to the influx of young people and the dynamic development of the gas industry.

5. Irkutsk region, S = 774,846 km²

The location of the region is south of Eastern Siberia. The main attraction is Lake Baikal. The largest rivers on the geographical map of our vast homeland flow through the Irkutsk region - Angara, Lena, Yenisei, and the main attraction of the region is Lake Baikal.

Among other Russian territorial units, the Irkutsk region is also considered to be “rich” land - gold is mined here (Lensky gold-bearing region), iron, coal, iron ore, hydrocarbons, manganese ores, rare metals — in general, a large number of minerals. The nature of the region is also rich in its forests - 11.5% of all Russian forests are concentrated here.

The territory is part of the East Siberian Economic Region. The main manufacturing sectors are the extraction of useful resources, electricity generation, mechanical engineering (construction of Su-30 aircraft), and the production of pulp and wood. In the production of furs (furs), the region occupies a leading position in the Russian Federation.

As of January 1, 2018, 2,404,195 residents were recorded.

4. Khabarovsk Territory, S = 787 633 km²

It occupies the central part of the Far East, from the east it is washed by the Sea of ​​Okhotsk and the Sea of ​​Japan. The southwestern borders lie along the state border with China. Due to the large length of the land and the elongated shape, there is a diverse climate and relief: from the tundra and taiga to the Sikhote-Alin mountain ranges. About 80% of the entire territory is occupied by mountains. Here you can meet the Amur tiger, snow leopard, brown bear or leatherback turtle, and rare fish species, for example, the Amur sturgeon, are found in the largest Far Eastern Amur River.

The region is noticeable in reserves of ores of precious and non-ferrous metals (gold, platinum, silver, tungsten, copper), significant reserves of precious and semiprecious stones. The constituent entity of the federation accounts for 100% of Russian tin production; they are also involved in primary oil refining and wood production (8th place in the Russian Federation).

It is noteworthy that in the Khabarovsk Territory there are few highways, therefore, communication with the mainland is carried out mainly by air transport and railways (the Trans-Siberian and Baikal-Amur railways are laid along the territory).

The population is 1,328 thousand (2018) and is distributed unevenly throughout the territory - mainly in the area of ​​large cities (Khabarovsk, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Amursk).

3. Tyumen region, S = 1 435 200 km²

The largest region in Russia lies in the west of the Asian part of the Russian Federation (south-west of the West Siberian Plain), in the south the subject is adjacent to Kazakhstan. It occupies 8.55% of the RF area. The population is gradually increasing due to migration growth: if in 2012 it amounted to 3,453.69 thousand people, then in 2018 - 3,692,400 people.

One of the largest oil and gas complex in the world was founded in the Tyumen Region, the field of which was discovered in 1964 (it is estimated that up to 200-230 million tons of recoverable oil). Prior to this, the region was mainly engaged in agriculture. A large part of the industry now accounts for manufacturing (petroleum products, petrochemicals, chemical industry), the production of building materials, and logging. The region is also famous for the quality of medical care.

Large rivers - the Irtysh with its tributaries Tobol and Ishim, rich in fish, swamps occupy most of the plains.

2. Krasnoyarsk Territory, S = 2,366,797 km²

The region that is part of the Siberian Federal District is located in Eastern Siberia, in the Yenisei River basin, to the left of which lies a lowland, and to the right - the Central Siberian Plateau. From the north, the region is washed by the Kara Sea and the Laptev Sea. Includes several archipelagos and smaller islands. Within the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the extreme northern point of Eurasia is located - this is Cape Chelyuskin on the Taimyr Peninsula.

In total, the length of the territories reaches about 3,000 km and occupies 13.82% of the land from the entire territory of the Russian Federation.

A river and lake network is developed, there are about 323 thousand lakes, and this is more than 11% of the total number of lakes in the country. The largest hydropower resources in Russia are concentrated here, and the Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric station is one of the most powerful hydropower plants in the world. The region is also provided with natural resources (platinum group metals, nickel, copper, lead, cobalt), oil and gas.

Population - 2 876 thousand people (in 2018)

1. Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), S = 3 083 523 km²

Here is the answer to the question, which subject of Russia is the largest. The Republic of Sakha is the largest constituent entity of the Russian Federation by territory, which occupies 18.01% of the total area of ​​the Russian Federation, and is included in the Far Eastern Federal District.

The republic stretches from the shores of the East Siberian Sea and the Laptev Sea to the Aldan Highlands (from north to south 2000 km, from west to east - 2500). When compared with other countries of the world, the size of Yakutia is equal, for example, to five states such as Ukraine.

At the same time, the object is sparsely populated (958.29 thousand people) - the population density is 0.31 people / sq. km This is mainly due to the mountainous terrain and harsh environmental conditions (a third of the territory lies beyond the Arctic Circle). In the famous Oymyakon, there is a cold pole of the Northern Hemisphere with a recorded minimum temperature of –68 degrees Celsius.

The cultural heritage of the Yakuts, Evens and Evenks, the indigenous inhabitants of the republic, is carefully preserved here.

The region is unique in the volume and potential of natural resources: deposits of coal, hydrocarbons, gold, diamonds (25% of world production), antimony of uranium and other rare minerals have been found.

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